Electrical substation components list diagram, working. Electric substations are the part of the power system and used for transferring power from generating points to load centers. The second type of substation, typically known as the customer substation, functions as the main source of electric power supply for one particular business customer. Practical electrical substation safety for engineers.
Also learn electrical components inside a substation why its needed. An electrical substation takes electricity from a very high voltage and lowers it to the voltage we use in our homes businesses 3 4 what is a substation. Recent technological developments have had a tremendous impact on all aspects of substation design and operation. In a thermal power plant i saw a substation of 220kv and in the other one 2kv. The projects included relaying upgrades on two 28 mw gasfired turbines and station relaying on a 415 mw generation plant.
Power systems engineer bob ringlee tells us the basics about power substations. This is a discussion of the basic principles behind grounding systems and how grounding is related to safety and the effective operation of circuit protection devices such as fuses and circuit breakers. At the end we hope that by this presentation your understanding regarding various types of substation, operation of a standard substation and also about the various equipements used in power substation would got more clear. Part 1 also provides an overview of substation major equipment, explaining the mission, and arrangement of each component. Electrical substation an electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or the reverse using transformers. Communications for electrical power systems practical solutions to harmonics in power distribution practical high voltage safety operating procedures for engineers and technicians. An electrical substation is an installation with electrical equipment capable of interrupting or establishing electrical circuits and changing the voltage, frequency, or other characteristics of the electrical energy flowing in the circuits. Expert instructors with decades of substation design experience will guide you in learning how to develop reliable substation. The manual is applicable for all substation projects regardless of internalexternal design delivery mode. The electrical substation design is a complex method with full of engineer planning. Distribution substations step the electric voltage down to efficiently. Three phase induction motors runs with two speeds 1 direction and two speeds two directions motor control and induction motors reverse forward operation is the types of electrical interlocking. A distribution substation is commonly made up of two transmission lines that provide the input, and a set of feeders that act as an output.
A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. What is electrical substation and why substation needed an. Pdf electric power substations engineering by john d. Some of the important components of substation are. This 12hour live online substation training course give an overview of substations, primary breaking device, transformer, secondary switching devices, switchgear. Components and substations for electrical transmission and. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather. What is a substation free download as powerpoint presentation. There is numerous electrical substation components like outgoing and incoming circuitry each of which having its circuit breakers, isolators, transformers, and busbar system etc for the smooth functioning of the. Earthing system is made of a mesh of buried bare copper cable, with additional earth rods, and shall be calculated, being recommended to use ieee std. The electricity substation is a network of electrical equipment which is connected in a structured way in order to supply electricity to end consumers. This is not a full description of every component but he talks about lighting arresters, transformers, gis.
The following current and former members of the substation subcommittee of the nreca. Electrical substation design fundamentals learn the fundamentals of electrical, civil and structural design issues of electric power substations. These power generating stations may be hydroelectric, thermal or atomic. Aug 02, 2017 an electrical substation defined as, assembly of apparatus which transfers the characteristics of electrical energy from one from to another for example, from alternating current to direct current or from one voltage to another voltage.
Power substation design calculations a checklist of 18. The checklists are intended to help inspectors keep track of the numerous aspects of an electrical installation. However, due to the complexity, very few utility employees are familiar with the complete process that allows these projects to be successfully completed. Important formulas for designing a substation grid earthing system. Recognizing the grids complexity and relevance, the national academy of sciences declared the electricity system the worlds largest machine and placed it at the top of the list of the. May 15, 2018 electrical substation now days the electrical power demand is increasing very rapidly. Compliance with all technical requirements all energize elements comply with the required clearances clearances verify compliance with the last requirements of the national electrical safety code or prepa diseno subw\copy of svc subst profile 2. Principles of electrical grounding john pfeiffer, p. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of.
Substation definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Depending upon the availability of resources these stations are constructed. The new substation t he electricity grid was invented in the 19th century and greatly expanded in the 20th. You will receive a test comment form so that you can make comments about test questions. The key steps in the substation designing include switchingsystem, planning and placing of equipment, selection of components as well as ordering, support of engineers, structural design, the design of electrical layout, protection of relay, and major apparatus ratings. Electric power may flow through several substations between generating plant and consumer, and may be changed in. Jul 21, 20 electrical substation design fundamentals apply in every electrical utility centers just as the main generator of power. The technical requirements and the business case for this type of facility depend highly on the customers requirements. Study guide feedback at the end of this guide you have been provided with a study guide feedback page. Electrical substation design fundamentals substation automation. In selecting the singleline diagram for a substation its requirements from the point of view of the following should be considered. Substation basic norms free download as powerpoint presentation. An introduction to electric power transmission table of content toc glossary. When a highvoltage cable is terminated for a connection to a circuit or equipment in a substation or switchyard, the termination must also be made to exact specifications.
What are the basic requirement of electrical substation. This pdf contains 77 electrical inspection checklists taken from the 2014 electrical inspection manual with checklists. May 02, 2018 you would need primary high side breaker, secondary low side breakers on a step up substation. Say a certain generation station generates power in voltage level 11kv, then if it has supply power to the grid which is of 2kv then the generating station will need a substation basic of electrical substation. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important. The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of all who contributed. Home technical articles electrical substation introduction and elements introduction an power substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high or medium to low or the reverse using transformers. Electric power systems pennsylvania state university.
Ppt what is a substation powerpoint presentation free. This webinar discusses the basic configuration of a substation as well as the key players involved with operations and control of transmission and distribution circuits. Feb 17, 2016 electrical substation a substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. To keep it balanced operators will ramp power up or down, or drop load. In every substation, by and large, there are switching, protection as well as control equipment. Distribution automation handbook prototype elements of power d istribution systems 1mrs757959 4 3 elements of power distribution systems 3. This course is based on terms used in ieee and iec regulations. The power transformer, circuit breaker, busbar, insulator, lightning arrester are the main components of an electrical substation. The electrical substation is the part of a power system in which the voltage is transformed from high to low or low to high for transmission, distribution, transformation and switching. The basic equipment in distribution substations includes. A 50 hz electrical substation in melbourne, australia. Grounding system design calculations 1 course description. Ehvehv and ehvhv 1 substations are an important element of the electricity transmission network of a country or of a large area of a country and their functions are. An introduction to electric power transmission presentation.
Highvoltage cables are manufactured to exact specifications so that they can withstand a variety of mechanical and electrical stresses. Step up and step down voltage of the distribution network to suitable values for networks operating. Thousands of new, highquality pictures added every day. Electrical grids energy is generated and used constantly in the same amounts. Basic singleline diagrams for substations ieee journals. Download electrical multiple choice questions answers pdf. Substation automation system sas provides protection, control, automation, monitoring, and communication capabilities as a part of a comprehensive substation control and monitoring solution. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. All projects were completed in energized facilities without an outage. I subscribed this morning to your website and immediately thereafter there came up a link to download the pdf ebook power substation design calculations a checklist of 18 studies for engineers to consider erroneously i closed the window and then i cant find that link anymore, not it is in my mailbox. Electrical power substation engineering and layout electrical4u. Electrical substation equipment for transferring of electrical power from generating unit to distributing units various types of electrical equipment are required. Basic electrical circuits and theory branch circuit wiring a basic top view floor plan terminology block diagram.
Normally stations are where we catch trains or buses. Prepared by the subcommittee on the design of substation structures of the committee on electrical transmission structures of the structural engineering institute of asce. Tikhodeev encyclopedia of life support systems eolss into substation equipment systems. Basic principles the best distribution system is one that will, costeffectively and safely, supply adequate electric service to both present and future probable loadsthis section is intended to aid in selecting, designing and installing such a system. We got the idea about the latest advancements going on in the field of gis and substation automation. This is showing three of the five 220 kv66 kv transformers, as well as highvoltage transformer fire barriers, each with a capacity of 150 mva. Customer substation manual 6272019 preface page 8 of 82 010. Gis there are two terms presented in iec gas insulated switchgear and ieee gas insulated substations. Substation substation a station in the power transmission system at which electric power is transformed to a conveniently used form. Download electric power substations engineering by john d.
Fundamentals of modern electrical substations part 3. Electrical system elements interconnected power systems are the largest physical machines in existence. The design was performed by electric power systems eps and the installation was performed by electric power constructors epc. An electrical power substation receives electric power from generating station via transmission lines and delivers power via the outgoing transmission lines. Manual for transmission lines and substation construction. Our customers for substation safety equipment regularly pose questions relating to safety protection during substation operation and maintenance. This fundamental course leads you through a stepbystep study of the substation design and construction process. The cross section of the buried cable should calculated in accordance with the value of the phasetoearth short.
Basic definitionterminology electric load electricity consumers, such as residences, businesses, and government centers that use electricity. This experience suggested there might be other people much like myselfoutside the power industry, but vitally concerned with it. Several crucial terms are for better understanding of the presented material. The function of the electric power distribution system in a building or an. This substation is constructed using steel lattice structures to support strain bus wires and apparatus. What is a substation electrical substation electricity. Lv transformer electrical substation consists, therefore, of the set of devices dedicated to the transformation of the voltage supplied by the distribution network at medium voltage e. This course is intended to prepare the target persons with the ability to perform all electrical grounding system design for domestic, commercial and industrial facilities and ac substations.
Substation structure design guide provides a comprehensive resource for the structural design of outdoor electrical substation structures. An power substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high or medium to low or the reverse using transformers. Mar 10, 2016 a substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Substations are integral parts of a power system and form important links between the generating stations, transmission systems, distribution systems and. Power substation types basics of substation design. The equipment like bus bars, isolator, power transformer etc. Substation basic norms electrical substation electricity.
Introduction the primary purpose of an electricity distribution system is to meet the customers demands for energy after receiving the bulk electrical energy from transmission or subtransmission substation. The fence is connected to a separate grounding conductor. Intelligent analysis processes to manage the monitored data for substation. It is used to switch generators, equipment, and circuits or lines in and out of a system.
There are a number of hazards unique to substations. Main components of substation substation components. Electrical substation components, workings and their functions. It also is used to change ac voltages from one level to another, andor change alternating current to direct current or direct current to alternating current. Once a transformer is located, its noise level at any distance can be estimated by using standard formulas. Electricity has to be transmitted over large distances as the place where the power is being generated and the place where it is consumed can be far apart. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. By the same analogy we can explain what a substation does. Introduction to substations annotated instructors guide module overview this module introduces trainees to the function of substations at all levels of the power grid, with an introduction to typical substation components included. Fundamentals of modern electrical substations part 1. In the fault situations the electric apparatus and systems become dangerous to humans. How an electrical substation works brighthub engineering.
Below is another electrical interlocking control circuit diagram. The aim of a distribution substation is to transfer the power from a transmission system into a distribution system. General issues that are involved in the design, construction, operation and maintenance of substations and switchyards, and detailed safety awareness will be discussed. The station may consist of transformers, switches, circuit breakers and other auxilliary equipment. This substation fundamentals course will introduce and provide nontechnical people with the basics of a substation and all the general components that are inside a substation. Hydro electric power commission of ontario, toronto, ontario, canada. Mcdonald the use of electric power substations in generation, transmission, and distribution remains one of the most challenging and exciting areas of electric power engineering. The checklists are in pdf format and can be completed electronically or printed and used as hard copy. Find electrical substation stock images in hd and millions of other royaltyfree stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the shutterstock collection. The voltage runs through the substation, and out of the feeders.
Electric power flows through several substations between generating plant and consumer changing the voltage level in several stages. A substation is a highvoltage electric system facility. Interconnection of power plants of the national or area electrical grid. Part 3 of the course fundamentals of modern electrical substations is concentrated on substation engineering aspects, which may be very challenging and require from utility companies engineers a very diverse knowledge and experience to address these aspects. To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and their main components. Electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b. Design of earthing grounding system in a substation grid. A substation is a place where highvoltage electricity from power plants is converted to. Write any comments you have and turn it in with your test when you are done. Substations a substation is a highvoltage electric system facility. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels.
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